北外名师
SSAT备考186组类比关系总结,背完的词汇题都得满
发布时间:2016-12-27SSAT中的类比题的关键是在认识单词的基础上寻找类比关系,在面对这一题型的时候我们该如何应对呢?积累单词仍然是重中之重,文中第一部分为大家总结了十三大类类比关系共187组类比关系,共童靴们复习备用;第二部分为大家介绍了类比关系在不知道单词具体意思时能采取哪些技巧。
类比关系总结
(一)组成关系
1. tile: mosaic :: stitch: sampler ( 二重对应:皆有图案感)
2. wire: filigree :: thread : lace ( 二重对应:皆有图案感)
3. groove: striated :: strand : braided ( groove 条形槽,
striated 刻有条纹的; strand 绳子的一股,braided 编成的)
4. symbols: rebus :: notes: score (notes音符,score 乐谱)
5. clay: porcelain :: flax: linen (flax亚麻,linen纱布)
6. ceramic: mosaic :: cloth: patchwork(拼接物) :: wood:parquetry
7. flowers : bouquet :: logs: woodpile (皆有一根一根集成一束的感觉)
8.reports(files) : dossier :: teachers : faculty ::customers: clientele (注意
都是后者是前者的总称,且前者可数复数,后者不可数)
9. word : charade(字谜):: story: mime(滑稽喜剧)
10. pillar: colonnade:: person: queue:: tone(note): chord
(chord: three or more musical tones sounded simultaneously)
11. tree: forestry :: flower: horticulture
12. intimates: clique:: sheep:flock
(二)种属关系
1. alcove: recess(缺陷的总称):: dome/thatch: roof :: turret: tower
2. subsidy: support :: debt : obligation (前者范畴小,后者范畴大,且均为财政范畴,二重对应)
3. lullaby: song :: diatribe: discourse
4. four-poster: bed :: convertible: automobile
5. portrait: painting :: biography: history (且都是对人的描写)
6. mercenary(雇佣兵):soldier :: hack(雇佣文人): writer
7. discography(唱片目录): list(目录):: hoe: tool
8. trumpet(小号): horn(号角):: tambourine(架子鼓):drum
9. limerick : poem :: lampoon: satire
10. salt: seasoning(调味品)
11. flint(打火石): stone
12. tulip: bulb(块茎植物)
13. tourquoise: gem :: violet : flower
(三)动宾关系
1. nurture: child :: cultivate: crop
2. accelerate: speed :: prolong: duration
3. equivocate: commitment:: procrastinate:action
4. carve: turkey :: slice: cake
5. revise(润色、修改): manuscript :: retouch(装饰、润色): picture
6. disseminate: information:: foment : discontentment
7. subpoena: witness :: conscript(强制征兵): soldier( 双重对应:强行叫来)
8. strike: medal :: mint(铸造): coin
9. abdicate: throne :: resign: office
10. assess: value :: plumb : depth
11. expedite: process :: accelerate: pace
12. illustrate: pictures :: particularize: details
13. obstruct : progress :: stunt(阻碍生长): growth
14. blow : horn :: pluck(拨琴): harp(竖琴)
(四)消除关系
1. quench/ extinguish : fire
2. mitigate: severe:: qualify: general (qualify使有资格,就能消除一般性)
3. assuage: sorrow:: dampen(泼冷水): ardor
4. ballast: instability:: purchase(支点): slippage
5. muffle: sound :: assuage: grief
6. perturb: serenity:: reassure: doubt
7. sterilization: micrograms:: deforestation: trees
8. antidote: poison:: tonic(补品,兴奋剂): lethargy
9. renounce : pledge:: rescind :order
10. expiate: guilt :: correct: error
11. slake: thirst :: satiate: hunger
12. detoxification: poison:: neutralization: acid
13. coutermand(撤销订货): order :: revoke(吊销):license(执照)
14. illuminate: darkness :: educate: ignorance (无知对黑暗,对的何等的精彩!)
15. pesticide: insect :: herbicide: plant
16. alloy: purity :: thin: density
17. mollify: anger:: hearten: dejection
18. clarify: misunderstand :: retract: erroneous
19. tedious: energy :: disturbing: composure
20. dissolved: clot :: dispersed: crowd (双重对应:clot 和crowd都有一团的感觉)对比:disengaged: chain
(五)事物及其功能
1. ballast : stability :: girder: support
2. foot: perambulate :: eye: observe
3. glue: seal :: manure(肥料): fertilize
4. blurb(大肆宣传): notice :: gloss : explanation
5. blazon: adorn
6. splint: immobilize :: duct(水渠): convey
7. ruler: measure :: scale(秤): weight :: yardstick(码尺):length :: gauge(气压计): pressure
8. die(模具): shaping :: drill : boring
9. parenthesis: explanation :: apostrophe: omission :: ellipsis: omission :: asterisk: annotation :: caret : interpolation
10. grandstand(正面看台): impress :: equivocate: deceive/mislead
11. autobiography : reminisce :: eulogy: praise
12. colander : drain
13. tonic: stimulate :: analgesic : deaden(缓和):: sedative: pacity :: antiseptic : sterilize
14. pillory: ridicule :: guillotine: execute
15. stockade(畜栏): enclosure :: pillar : support
(六)目的关系
1. study: learn :: search : find
2. mercenary(唯利是图的): money :: vindictive : revenge :: belligerent : fight(且皆为心理范畴)
3. hoax: deceive :: filibuster: delay(这个很重要!)
4. tender: acceptance :: exhibit : inspection
(tender: to present for acceptance)
5. stratagem : deceive :: concession : placate
6. mediation: compromise :: prosecution(起诉):conviction(定罪)
7. fertilize: grow :: immunize : resist
8. blandishment: coax :: medal : honor
9. distill: purity :: leaven(发面): volume
10. pretense: deceive :: admonition : reprove
11. oppose : thwart :: treat: cure
(七)正面特征
1. skirmish: insignificance :: duel: formality (西方人认为决斗就是正式的)
2. pundits: authoritative :: partisan: allegiance
3. gush: effusive :: rage : irate
4. labyrinth : tortuous :: ornament: decorative :: pageant: splendid
5. aphoristic : terse:: hyperbolic: exaggerated
6. mutter: indistinct :: drone: monotonous
7. faultfinder: criticize :: arbitrator: mediate
8. pest: irksome :: expert: proficient
9. coward: craven :: dupe: gullible
10. diplomat : tact :: inventor : ingenuity
11. declamation(夸张的演说): grandiloquence :: diatribe(长篇攻击性演讲):abuse
12. flexibility: limber :: frailty(脆弱): spindly
(spindly : frail or flimsy in appearance or structure)
13. whim(幻想): capricious(异想天开的):: fact: objective
14. instigator: incite :: bully: browbeat
15. numb: insensible :: burnish(抛光): lustrous(有光泽的)
16. gadfly: annoying :: churl : rude
17. marsh : sodden :: desert :arid
18. adhesive(粘合剂): tackiness(粘性):: scalpel: sharpness
19. hiss : sibilant :: drone: monotonous
20. sycophant : flattery :: extortionist: intimidation :: maverick: nonconformity
(八)反面特征
1. fawn: imperiousness :: equivocate: directness
2. audacious: trepidation :: laconic: volubility
3. decrepit(衰败的): vitality(生机勃勃)
4. coward: brave :: philanthropist : selfish
5. truculent(残忍的,野蛮的): gentleness :: unregenerate(死不悔改的): remorse(悔改)
6. taciturn: chatter(喋喋不休):: magnanimous: begrudge
7. frank: secretiveness :: honest: mendacity
8. democratic: autocracy :: callow : maturity
9. indecorous(无礼的): propriety:: boorish(粗鄙的):sensitivity(敏感性)
10. yokel(乡巴佬): sophistication(世故):: coward :courage
11. dingy(昏暗的): glisten :: slippery: adhere
12. partisanship: disinterested :: probity(正直、廉洁、诚实): venal(贪污的,腐败的)
13. circular: asymmetrical :: protean(变化无常的): rigid
14. shiftless(得过且过的): ambition :: ingenuous :guile
15. anomaly: paradigmatic :: blemish: flawless
16. terseness: superfluous :: spontaneity: studied(造作的)
(九)动作及其表达内心思想感情
1. blush: discomfited(困窘的):: sneer: contemptuous ::gloat(幸灾乐祸): smug(自鸣得意)
2. exult(狂喜): satisfaction :: crave(翘首以待,望眼欲穿): longing(渴望)
3. cower: fear :: rant(咆哮,怒吼): anger
4. swagger(趾高气扬): bravado(虚张声势,假勇):: caress(爱抚):affection
5. snub: disdain :: double-cross: disloyalty
6. gripe/complain: discontent :: praise: admiration
7. obeisance: submission :: embrace: affection
8. wince(因疼痛而退缩): pain :: smile: pleasure :: pout(噘嘴):displeasure
9. kneel: submission :: nod :assent
10. shrug: indifference
11. scorn: reject :: adulate: flatter
12. apologize: contrite :: compliment: impressed
(十)同义词
1. flourish: thrive :: rot :decay
2. contiguous: abut :: simultaneous: coincide
3. compendium: summary :: anthology: collection
4. circumspect: prudence :: urbane : polish
5. opportune: convenience :: impermanent : transience
6. agrarian: farming :: arboreal : trees
5. folding: crease(折痕):: perforating: hole
6. scuff(磨损): abrasion :: heat : vaporization
7. tarnish: dull :: vitrify: smooth
8. odious: repugnance :: minatory(有威胁的):fear
9. droll (引人发笑的): laugh :: grisly(可怕的): flinch(畏缩、退却)
(十一)动作及其结果
1. expand: volume :: ascend : height :: proliferate: number
2. enfranchise(给予选举权): vote :: illuminate(启蒙):see(明白)
3. exercise: strong :: read : knowledgeable
4. attack: vanquished :: goad : provoked
5. subtraction(减法): remainder(余数):: evaporation: residue
6. polish: lustrous :: refine: pure
7. collapse: volume :: attenuate: thickness
8. torque: rotation :: traction: elongation :: centrifuge: separation
9. evaporate: vapor :: petrify: stone
10. inflate : burst :: pull : tear
11. overexposed: jaded :: vaccine: immune
12. diverge: apart :: traverse: across
13. friction: abraded :: dehydration: desiccated
14. coagulant: thicken :: solvent: dissolve
(十二)程度关系
1. bright: glaring :: loud : deafening
2. disapproval: castigation :: irreverence : blasphemy
3. complain: carp :: drink: guzzle:: savor : gulp
4. troubled: distraught(心神狂乱) :: covetous: rapacious
5. fire: inferno(熊熊大火):: storm: hurricane
6. esteem(尊敬、尊重): adoration
7. talkative: garrulous :: sweet : cloying(甜的发腻的)
8. interest: fascination :: fondness: adoration
9. moist(潮湿的): sodden(湿透的):: surprised: astonished
10. cold: glacial :: deep: profound
11. small : minuscule :: moist : saturated(湿透的)
12. irk: enrage(使暴怒):: calm: soothe :: suggest: urge
13. tint(微染):suffuse(浓染)::damp(使潮湿,熄灭): quench(淬灭,压制)
14. pleasure: ecstasy :: surprise: astonishment
15. sip: swill(牛饮): nibble: gobble :: mince(小碎步): stride
16. sip: quaff :: skim: delve :: whiff(轻轻吹): blast
17. dark: stygian(阴森的) :: low: abysmal
18. willfulness: headstrong :: subservience : fawning
19. admire: lionize(视为名人):: despise: vituperate(责骂)
20. activity: industriousness :: selectivity: fastidiousness
(十三)形容词修饰名词
1. grating: sound :: fetid: smell :: ugly: appearance
2. stridency : sound :: garishness : appearance
3. pungent: odor:: caustic: comment
4. frenetic: movement :: fanatical : belief
5. graceful : movement :: euphonious: sound :: articulate: speech
6. bravura(精彩的): performance :: resplendent: appearance
7. redolent : smell :: piquant(辛辣的,褒义): taste
8. laconic: speech :: austere: design
9. volatile: temper:: ready(随机应变的): wit
10. random : pattern :: digressive: topic
单词不认识肿么破?
1.利用词根词缀的知识
做同义题时,我们大量的应用了词根词缀的知识来解决同义题,同样,词根词缀也是我们在做类比题时很好用的一个技巧,即使不认识题干中的一个甚至两个词,照样可以选出正确选项。
例:Anarchy is to law as discord is to
A difference B agreement
C adaptation D confusion
题干中的law是我们早就掌握的,也许你并不熟悉anarchy和discord,但是archy(rule,ruler)和cord(heart)这两个词根是我们知道的,再加上分别的前缀an(not,without)和dis(away),从而可以推断出anarchy是无政府状态,discord是意见不合,所以这道题的类比关系是缺乏。B是正确选项。
2.合理排除
如果题干中并没有熟悉的词根词缀,那我们要合理的运用排除和猜测。根据词性相同原则排除。
例:Original is to invention as
A. corrupt is to virtuous
B. absurdity is to sense
C. false is to lie
D. toe is to shoe
E. servile is to obey
题干是形容词对名词,那么选项中第一个单词不是形容词,第二个单词不是名词的都要排除。答案应该选C。